Water-dispersible pastes of gas fume fading inhibitors for acetate silk dyes



Patented Sept. 4, 1951 I ,WATER-DISPERSIBLE misses or mnmrron FADING DY ES v I Francis Hervey Smith,

1947, Serial No.

GAS FUME S ACETATE SILK Woodstown', N. .L, asslgnor to E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, Del. a corporation of Delaware seeming; Original application February 11,

727,935. "Divided and this application May 5, 1950, Serial No. 160,391

. 1 This invention relates to the preparation of gas fume fading inhibitors for use in the dyeing of acetate silk, and. more particularly to the preparation of such materials in paste form. And this application is a division of my co-pending application Serial No. 727,935 fi led February 11, 1947, now U. S. Patent 2,518,393.

It is known that a number of N:N'-diaryl (or dialkyl) substituted alkylene diamines are effective inhibitors of gas fume fading for dyes when applied to cellulose acetate silk, as more particularly disclosed in U., S. Patent 2,416,380 to Collie, Giles and Wilkinson, Serial No. 492,308, filed June 25, 1943. In the use of these diamine compounds, it has been found essential, however,

6 Claims. (o1; H

ethylene-diamine or related gas fume fading inhibitors are dispersed in an aqueous mixture of either polyvinyl alcohol or methyl cellulose, to which solution an oil-like high boiling nonvolatile water immiscible liquid compound is added, and the mixture is passed through an homogenizer to form a relatively non-fluid emulsion in a heavy paste form, there is no appreciable crystallization of the N:N'-diphenyl-ethylenediamine or related diamine compound or separationof the components when the paste is allowed that when used in the dye bath they be present 7 in a very highly dispersed state. I have found that this class of diamines, which will hereinafter .be illustrated by N:N-diphenyl-ethylene-diamine particularly, can be effectively dispersed in aqueous medium with a non-ionic dispersing agent such as polyvinyl alcohol or methyl cellulose, particularly when the N:N'--dip henylethylene-diamine is mixed with the polyvinyl alcohol above the melting point of'the diamine and this mixture circulated through an homogenizer. I have found, however, that such a dispersion is not permanent, for, on cooling and standing for an extended length of 'time, the N:N'- diphenyl ethylene diamine assumes its normal crystalline form and the crystals build up to form aggregates of considerable size which separate out upon standing.

It is highly desirable in a highly dispersed form which prohibits crystal growth 50 that theywill not settle out upon standing or when stored for a considerable length of time. p v z It is therefore an object of this invention to prepare aqueous dispersions of NzNi -diphenylethylene-diamine and related diamine compounds from which the diamine compound will not sep-' arate in macro crystalline form but which will remain dispersed throughout the aqueous medium. It is a further object of the inventionto provide stable aqueous pastes of N:N"-diphenyl-ethylene-' diamine and related diamine compounds for use inth'e treatment of cellulose acetate silk for preventing gas fume fading of dyes app1i'ed .ther-" to which are stable upon standing and whichido not dry out upon reasonable exposure-toair and in which the diamine compound does not crystal lize in aggregates which cause separation from the aqueous paste and in which the diamine compound remains finely dispersed.

I h ve ou d, w e .i i i'ed ebenr to stand for substantial periods 'of time such as duringstorage, and that the paste is relatively stable anddoes not dry out excessively when exposed to air for such reasonable lengths of time as required in the normal use of such product.

c non-volatile oil-like water-immiscible oranic liquids which have been found to be suitable for stabilizing" these. pastes are particularly those liquidswhich are used as plasticizers in the 1 preparation of resin products, such as dimethyl to produce these phthalate, phenyl Cellosolve, benzyl Cellosolve, tributoxy ethyl phosphate, diisobutyl adipate, etc., and when the expression an organic liquid which maybe used as a plasticizer in preparation of resin products is used in the claims, I am re- 'ferring to such products. It is also advantageous, although not essential, to add a small amount of an anionic dispersing (deflocculating) agent to the aqueous suspension prior to homogenization, since it aids in the redispersibility 0f the paste when added to aqueous textile treating baths. Such anionic dispersing agents which are suitable for use in these pastes are lignin sodium salt, lignin sodium sulfonate, dinaphthylmethane disulfonio acid, long chain alkyl sodium sulfonates, long chain alkyl sulfate esters, etc.

The anti-fume agents with which the present invention is particularly concerned are those described in U. S. Patent 2,416,380 to Collie, Giles and "Wilkinson Serial No. 492,308, which have thegeneral formula:

wherein n is an integer of from 2 to 6, inclusive, R.=I-I methyl, ethyl and hydroxy-ethyl, and R a" radical of the group consisting of phenyl, alkoxyphenyl, alkyl phenyl and chlorine substii tuted phenyl. Specific examples are N:N-

ethyl N:N-diphenyl ethylene diamine, NzN diethyl N:N diphenyl ethylene diamine, N N -dimethyl-N N -diphenyltrimethylcue-diamine, NzN diethyl NzN' diphenyl-trimethylene-diamine, NzN' -dipheny1 N:N di

the remaining per cent in each case being the water.

The len r liamine .9 9T lated diamine compound maybe dispersed in the mixture at a temperature either below Or above the melting point of the crystalline diamine conipound. When the mixture is homogenized even above the melting point of the diamine compound, it remains highly dispersed throughout the mixture and does not agglomerate upon coolme. Although the exact functionof the nonvolatile oil-like water-immiscible liquid in the emulsion is not known, it appearsthat this oillike substance may form a protective coating for the diamine particles, thereby preventing the crystals from joining and forming relatively large aggregates. However, the oil-like materials which I have found to be particularly suitable are those in which the diamine compounds are soluble, and it is possible, that the emulsion of the water-immiscible liquid in the water, in which emulsified particles the diamine is incorporated, may prevent the undesirable crystal growth which normallytakes place in the absence of such water-immiscible liquid, These water immiscible liquids which are non-velatile also prevent the emulsion from drying out and thereby causing separation, and actsto produce a much more stable emulsion paste than can otherwise be obtained. U H y The addition of the anionic dispersing agentor the types above mentioned, in addition to the non-ionic polyvinyl alcohol or methyl cellulose, enhances the redispersibility of the paste when it is added to the aqueous treating baths.

The polyvinyl alcohol employedas the nonionic dispersing agent in the preparation of these stable pastes may vary widely in its composition, but it is preferably one that has a saponification number of from 40 to 180 and a viscosity as a 4% aqueous solution at 20 C. at from 10 to 40 centipoises, which includes, in general, the corn mercially available polyvinyl alcohols. The methyl cellulose employed may be any ttne commercial products particularly those which have a viscosity of from to 500 centipoises. v

The following examples are given to illustrate the invention. The parts used, unless otherwise designated, are by weight. v v

The particular polyvinyl alcohol employed in the following examples was acommercial product having a saponiflcation number of from 84 to 105, a viscosity in a 4% aqueous solution at C. of from to centipoises.

Example 1 A 7 Parts N:N-diphenyl-ethylene-diamine 40.0 Polyvinyl alcohol 3.8 Dimethyl-phthalate 10.0 Water 46.2

Dissolve 3.8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol in 462 4 parts of water at from 80 to 85 C. with stirring. Cool the solution to 40 C. and add 40 parts of N;N-diphenyl-ethylene-diamine. Mix well. Add l 0.0 parts of diinethyl-phthalate and mix well. Pass the mixture through an homogenizer and process to a smooth paste, holding the temperature below l5 to 50} C. Continue processing in the homogiiizer uritil not over 10% is retained in a 150 mesh sieve when a sample is made into a dilute aqueous suspension, and filtered.

E ieample 2 a, Parts N:N-dipheny1 ethy1ene-diamine 40.0 Bqly'vinyl alcohol 3.8 Bhellfl C'll'dSQlV -l. 5.0 Water 51.2

. P t q vefi-fi pertsp plyvin coh .5 parts greater f om 80 to 85 c. with stirring, :COQil the solutio'n .to. 0 C. and add 40 parts of ci n nm ethy ene diamine. Mix wen. iessfi e i r t ro eh me a proc'essto. a smooth paste, holding the temperature below to C. Repas's' the paste fiercest t e e i e e'le rr il. l ,over 10% is t ne 9? 2.1 9 e sh Sieve .wh n ed f m a dilute watersuspension. Stir in 5 parts of phenyl Cellosolve and mix well.

Ezizimi le 3 c Prge'e iiiife identical pp Examm 2, except benzyi Cellosolve is substituted for phnyl Cellosolve.

- Example 4 rial ecure mile to mail ng Zexce'pt tribu toxy-thiyl pho'sphat is substituted for phenyl Cellosolv."

Eia'mpl 5 p w ,7 Parts n n' dipnnyi etnynhe mamme 40.0 Mthylbellulose 25ers 1.4 Dimetliyl. phtlialate V 5.0 Water 53.6

Dissolve 1.4 parts of methyl cellulose in 53.6 parts of'wat'er. Melt 40.0 parts of N :Ndiphenyl thylene diamine by heating to 70 C. Add 5.0 parts of dimethyl-phthalate to the molten N:N-diphenyl-ethylene-diamine and mix in well. Warmthe aqueous solution of methyl cellulose to 50 53 C. and add "slowly With good agitation to the molten N:N dipl'ienyl ethylene diamine,

heating as required to maintain a temperature of 653;? C. Pass the final mixture through anhomogenizer and p'rcsaesste a smooth paste holding the temperature at between 55- angst? o. The; resulting p ste should remain plastic on'coolifig When filtered from a dilute (approximately 1%) aqueous us asicn. not ov r 2% "of reel eg, after drying, should be reenema also inesh'sieve.

Example 6 Parts N :N diphenyl-ethylene-diamine 1 40.0 Polyvinyl alcohol..- 2.5 Dimethyl-phthalate 5.0 Lignin sodium salt 2.0 Water 50.5

1315560825 parts or polyvinyl alcohol in 50.5

g parts of water at from 80 to 85 C. with stirring. Add 40.0 parts of N:N'-diphenyl-ethylene-diamine, heating as necessary to maintain a temperature of from 70 to 75 C. Add 5.0 parts of dimethyl-phthalate and 2.0 parts of lignin sodium salt, and mix in well. Pass the final mixture through an homogenizer and process to a smooth paste, holding the temperature at from 55 to 65 C. The resulting paste should remain plastic on cooling. When filtered from a dilute (approximately 1 aqueous suspension, not over 2% of residue, after drying, should be retained on a 150 mesh sieve.

As pointed out above, the presence of the high boiling water immiscible organic liquid not only serves to thicken and stabilize the paste, but it also retards the loss of water from the paste upon exposure to the atmosphere. The N:N- diphenyl-ethylene-diamine, micronized and stabilized by the process as described above, gives a paste which, by simply mixing with water, produces a milk-like suspension of the effective antifume agent, which paste can be placed in storage or added directly to the dye bath. The antifume agent is readily absorbed by the acetate silk fibers in the aqueou fiber-treating solution.

I claim:

1. A stable, aqueous emulsion paste of an anti-fume agent of the formula:

wherein n is an integer of from 2 to 6 inclusive, R is a ubstituent of the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a methyl radical, an ethyl radical, and a hydroxy-ethyl radical, containing from 30% to 50% of the anti-fume agent, from 1% to of methyl cellulose having a viscosity of from 15 to 500 centipoises, and from 2% to 15% of an organic liquid which may be used as a plasticizer in preparation of resin products, and wherein the anti-fume agent particles are of such a size that not more than 10% will be retained in a 150 mesh sieve when a sample of the paste is filtered from a dilute aqueous suspension.

2. A non-settling water-dispersible aqueous paste of an anti-fume agent of the formula:

wherein n is an integer of from 2 to 6 inclusive, R is a substituent of the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a methyl radical, an ethyl radical, and a hydroxy-ethyl radical, which contains from 30% to 50% of the anti-fume agent, from 1% to 5% of methyl cellulose having a viscosity of from to 500 centipoises, from 2% to 15% of an organic liquid which may be used as a plasticizer in preparation of resin products, from 0.5% to 3% of an anionic dispersing agent, and wherein the anti-fume agent particles are of such a size that not more than 10% will be retained in a mesh sieve when a sample of the paste is filtered from a dilute aqueous suspension.

3. A non-settling water-dispersible aqueous paste of N:N-diphenyl-ethylene-diamine, which paste contains from 30% to 50% of the diamine, from 1% to 5% of methyl cellulose having a viscosity of from 15 to 500 centipoises, from 2% to 15% of an organic liquid which may be used as a plasticizer in preparation of resin products, from 0.5% to 3% of an anionic dispersing agent, and wherein the diamine particles are of such a size that not more than 10% will be retained in a 150 mesh ieve when a sample of the paste is filtered from a dilute aqueous suspension.

4. A non-settling water-dispersible aqueous paste of N:N'-diphenyl-ethylene-diamine, which paste contains from 30% to 50% of the diamine, from 1% to 5% of methyl cellulose having a viscosity of from 15 to 500 centipoises, from 2% to 15% of dimethyl phthalate, from 0.5% to 3% of an anionic dispersing agent, and wherein the diamine particles are of such a size that not more than 10% will be retained in a 150 mesh sieve when a sample of the paste is filtered from a dilute aqueous suspension.

5. A non-settling water-dispersible aqueous paste of N:N'-diphenyl-ethylene diamine, which paste contains from 30% to 50% of the diamine, from 1% to 5% of methyl cellulose having a viscosity of from 15 to 500 centipoises, from 2% to 15% of tributoxy ethyl phosphate, from 0.5% to 3% of an anionic dispersing agent, and wherein the diamine particles are of such a size that not more than 10% will be retained in a 150 mesh sieve when a sample of the paste is filtered from a dilute aqueous suspension.

6. A non-settling water-dispersible aqueous paste of N:N-diphenyl-ethylene-diamine, which paste contains from 30% to 50% of the diamine, from 1% to 5% of methyl cellulose having a viscosity of from 15 to 500 centipoises, from 2% to 15% of di-isobutyl adipate, from 0.5% to 3% of an anionic dispersing agent, and wherein the diamine particles are of such a size that not more than 10% will be retained in a 150 mesh sieve when a sample of the paste is illtered from a dilute aqueous suspension.

FRANCIS HERVEY SMITH.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,719,944 Risse July 9, 1929 2,006,720 Rogers July 2, 1935 2,518,393 Smith Aug. 8, 1950 

1. A STABLE, AQUEOUS EMULSION PASTE OF AN ANTI-FUME AGENT OF THE FORMULA: 